He made those who opposed him slaves
Irredentism
"Irredentism is any political or popular movement that seeks to claim/reclaim and occupy a land that the movement's members consider to be a "lost" territory from their nation's past. Wikipedia"
The second option is the correct answer.
Back in day, there was child labor, so if parents needed more money, they would force there children to work. Thus, they didn't have time for school.