Nicotine on direct application in humans causes irritation and burning sensation in the mouth and throat, increased salivation, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Predominant immediate effects consist of increase in pulse rate and blood pressure. Nicotine also causes an increase in plasma free fatty acids, hyperglycemia, and an increase in the level of catecholamines in the blood. There is reduced coronary blood flow but an increased skeletal muscle blood flow. The increased rate of respiration causes hypothermia, a hypercoagulable state, decreases skin temperature, and increases the blood viscosity.
For amphetamine the immediate effects are quicker reaction times, feelings of energy/wakefulness, excitement, increased attentiveness and concentration, feelings of euphoria. Side effects of amphetamines can include heart palpitations, dry mouth, headache, hostility, nausea, cognitive impairment, severe anxiety, lack of appetite, teeth grinding, dizziness, increased heart rate, heart palpitations, rapid breathing rate, hypertension (high blood pressure), increased body temperature, erectile dysfunction, irregular heartbeat.
Cocaine causes a short-lived, intense high that is immediately followed by the opposite intense depression, edginess and a craving for more of the drug the side effects are Loss of appetite increased heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, contracted blood vessels increased rate of breathing, dilated pupils, disturbed sleep patterns, nausea, hyperstimulation, bizarre, erratic, sometimes violent behavior hallucinations, hyperexcitability, irritability, tactile hallucination that creates the illusion of bugs burrowing under the skin, intense euphoria, anxiety and paranoia, depression, intense drug craving, panic and psychosis, convulsions, seizures and sudden death from high doses (even one time)
Answer:
A,C E
Explanation:
The inner membrane of the mitochondria separate the matrix of the mitochondria from the cytosol(inner membrane space.). It is invaginated folded inwards to form the critae. This is an adaptive feature to increase the surface area for biochemical reaction in the mitochondria.
The invagination gives two compartments the inner mitochondria also creates the outer intermembrane space and the inner matrix
These are the substances that can pass freely the inner membrane of the mitochondria.Pyruvate and H+ can not pass through.Specifically,it is not preamble to H+ because, hydrogen ions are needed to generate the electrochemical gradients needed for the chemical energy for phosphorylation of ADP by P to form ATPs by the enzyme ATPase synthase.If the inner membrane is permeable to H+ the electochemical gradient will not be produced, and therefore ATPs productions stops.
O2 needs to pass through the inner membrane because it it the final electron acceptor. Therefore if not allowed to pass through oxidative phosphorylation and ETC will nor occur.
CO2 must pass through because its accumulation will increase the acidity of the inner mitochondria
Yes. Lions are predators to grass eating species, so without the limitation of said species, there would be less chance for grass to grow as it is eaten more because the prey species are not killed off.
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