The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson. Europeans generally welcomed Wilson's points,[1] but his main Allied colleagues (Georges Clemenceau of France, David Lloyd George of the United Kingdom, and Vittorio Orlando of Italy) were skeptical of the applicability of Wilsonian idealism.[2]
The United States had joined the Allied Powers in fighting the Central Powers on April 6, 1917. Its entry into the war had in part been due to Germany's resumption of submarine warfare against merchant ships trading with France and Britain. However, Wilson wanted to avoid the United States' involvement in the long-standing European tensions between the great powers; if America was going to fight, he wanted to try to unlink the war from nationalistic disputes or ambitions. The need for moral aims was made more important, when after the fall of the Russian government, the Bolsheviks disclosed secret treaties made between the Allies. Wilson's speech also responded to Vladimir Lenin'sDecree on Peace of November 1917, immediately after the October Revolution in 1917.
The speech made by Wilson took many domestic progressive ideas and translated them into foreign policy (free trade, open agreements, democracy and self-determination). The Fourteen Points speech was the only explicit statement of war aims by any of the nations fighting in World War I. Some belligerents gave general indications of their aims, but most kept their post-war goals private. The Fourteen Points in the speech were based on the research of the Inquiry, a team of about 150 advisers led by foreign-policy adviser Edward M. House, into the topics likely to arise in the anticipated peace conference.
The northern part of the United States won when Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1864
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La razón por la cual es importante el Espíritu Santo en la Iglesia y en la vida de cada cristiano es porque representa un aparte muy importante de la Santísima Trinidad de la religión Católica conformada por el Padre, el Hijo, y el Espíritu Santo.
El Espíritu Santo es esa "llamad de luz y de vida" que llena a todos los seguidores de la fe católica y les permite vivir con fe las enseñanzas del maestro Jesús de Nazareth, que para los católicos es el hijo único de Dios.
A través del Espíritu Santo, los católicos viven en total plenitud con la bendición del Padre y del Hijo, y también se siente protegidos y amparados.
The Whig theory, put into place after the Glorious Revolution, put a premium on the idea of civic virtue, placing the public good above personal interest. To promote such virtue, one needed a society in which property ownership was widespread. An agricultural nation, where farming was thought to encourage honesty, frugality, and independence, was less likely to become corrupt than a society dependent on commerce and manufacturing. In an agrarian society, politics would be less fractious because everyone's interest would be similar. In such a society representatives would be less fractious because everyone's interest would be similar. In such a society representatives would be equally affected by whatever laws they passed. This would prevent them from tyrannizing over the people by passing oppressive laws.
<span>The Whig view of politics was not democratic. It assumed that only men who owned property had a sufficient permanent stake in society to be trusted to vote.</span>