The accounting concepts that provide guidance for recording the following business events are as follows. The business transactions are numbered from (a) to (e) below:
1) Materiality Concept is applied because the impact of the cost of the tape dispenser being "expensed" is not significant on the reader of the financial statement.
2) Entity Concept requires separation between the finances of the owner from the finances of the business. The business is a separate economic unit distinct from the sole proprietor.
3) Prudence Concept demands that expenses (like the bad debt written off) and liabilities are not underestimated and revenues and assets should not be overestimated.
4) Historical Cost Concept: Generally accepted accounting principles require the initial recognition of an asset at its purchase cost and not fair value.
5) Accrual Concept and Matching Principle: The accrual concept requires that expenses that have been incurred for a period should be accounted for in that period, whether cash payment is made or not. The matching principle states that expenses (Van Repair Expense) should be matched to the revenue that they generate.
Thus, accounting concepts are the basic assumptions, rule, and principles for recording business transactions and events and preparing accounts and financial statements.
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