Nucleosomes are composed of "histones" class of molecules.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Histones usually presented in eukaryotic nuclei of cells which seemed as strong level of proteins that bundle and organize DNA into structural groups called nucleosomes in biological science.
They are chromatin's chief protein elements, functioning as spools along which DNA spins, and playing a major role in regulating genes. Five forms of histones have been recognized:
- H1 (or H5), H2A, H2B, H3, and H4;
- H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 are the main histones and H1 and H5 are the linker histones.
Answer:
Adaptive immune responses are triggered by activation of antigen-specific T cells that produce antibodies against foreign antigens such as, for example, harmful viruses. These immune responses are useful to eliminate dangerous molecules from the body. In a normal immune reaction, the antibodies produced by T-cells target antigen molecules in order to be subsequently absorbed by phagocytic macrophage cells.
Autoimmune diseases are triggered by the response of the adaptive immune system against self-antigen molecules. Since the immune system can not eliminate antigens from the own body, this immune reaction generates an excessive inflammatory response, and it may lead to the damage of tissues and organs.
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Answer:
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons. The difference in the number of neutrons between the various isotopes of an element means that the various isotopes have different masses.
Explanation:
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