Answer:
Phosphate sugar backbone:
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
Nitrogenous base:
Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.
Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.
Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings. Examples of purines are Guanine and Adenine.
The nitrogen bases are helped together through hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen Bonds:
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
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Answer: Nucleotides are the monomers used for DNA synthesis. The mix also contains a template, DNA taq polymerase, buffer, reverse and foward primer and magnesium ions.
Explanation:
A PCR master mix is a premixed solution that has all of the components for a Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This reaction is a laboratory technique that amplifies small fragments of DNA into millions of copies.
The master mix used for that contains dNTPs (nucleotides). In the DNA there are four types of nucleotides that are differentiated by the nitrogen base they have: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T).
<u>Since nucleotides are the monomers that make DNA, they are found in the mix because they are the material for DNA synthesis.</u>
The reaction mixture also requires;
- DNA template, the sequence of DNA to be amplified
- DNA taq polymerase, a heat resistant enzyme that assembles nucleotides into a new DNA
- Salt buffer, for an optimum ionic environment and pH
- Oligonucleotide primers (reverse and foward), pieces of DNA complementary to the template. Each hybridizes with one of the DNA chains.
- Magnesium ions, a catalyst required by DNA polymerase to work
Sarah should found a Gills when she observes closely and dissecting the organism. A gills is what species in the water use for breathing, when people or human have lungs to breathe, fish or underwater species use gills to breathe in water. It is a respiratory organs of animals especially fish.
I don't know what your question is but if you're wondering what is called when water changes from a gas to a liquid phase the answer would be Condensation
There are two main<span> types of physical weathering: Freeze-thaw occurs when water continually seeps into cracks, freezes and expands, eventually breaking the rock apart. Exfoliation occurs as cracks develop parallel to the land surface a consequence of the reduction in pressure during uplift and erosion.</span>
