Sometimes, in literary writings, we might want to provide further descriptions of the person being described. The literary line that is used in these lines from Milton's "Paradise Lost" is;
С. Epithet
An epithet is a description that demonstrates the character of a person being described. In the lines above, the description, "Savior of Me" was used to qualify the Son of God.
Other descriptions like "John the Peacemaker" are also used to demonstrate the attributes of a person.
An epithet is an adjective or phrase expressing a quality or attribute regarded as characteristic of the person or thing mentioned. Therefor, this is an Epithet
Kafka choose it because of the perception that a bug is perceived as a mindless systematic creature, a metaphor for the way Gregor lives his life, and acts in society