Answer: The image is an example of an illuminated manuscript. The concept was to combine religious text (Christian and Islamic) and artistic detail, in order to emphasize the importance of the text. At one time, illuminated manuscripts were the only legalized, accepted form of art.
Explanation: I got a 100 on this answer
First one: It would be on Sol
Second one: No. It would be on La. The note is B. And is a Bflat
(I don't know Bass Clef as well. I play Alto Sax, which uses Treble Clef. So please forgive me)
Third one: It would be A flat
Fourth one: It would be C then C flat
(Again, I don't know Bass Clef that well, so don't count on my answers)