<span>The treaty, negotiated between January and June 1919 in Paris, was written by the Allies with almost no participation by the Germans. The negotiations revealed a split between the French, who wanted to dismember Germany to make it impossible for it to renew war with France, and the British and Americans, who did not want to create pretexts for a new war. </span>
The Navajo were forcibly removed by the U.S. Army as they walk 300 miles to Fort Sumner in Bosque Redondo from their ancestral lands in Arizona and New Mexico. During the 18-day march, hundreds of people died. Thus, the long walk of the Navajo ended at Fort Sumner.
The United States federal government deported the Navajo people in 1864 and made an effort at ethnic cleansing during the Long Walk of the Navajo, also known as the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo. Navajos were made to travel from their homeland in eastern New Mexico to what is now Arizona. Between August 1864 and the end of 1866, there were about 53 distinct forced marches. According to some anthropologists the "collective trauma of the Long Walk is fundamental to current Navajos' sense of identity as a people".
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Three characteristics of Globalizations are
Liberalisation
Free Trade
Globalization of Economic Activites
Answer:
7) During 1750-1900, people from around the world challenged established government structures, and this led to a great deal of political, economic, and social change. For many of the following Revolutions, Enlightenment ideas directly influenced their advent.
8) Japan- By the early 1900's, Japan had become one of the Great Powers and won a war against the Russian as well as the Chinese, and ultimately were able to take control of Taiwan, Korea and Manchuria.
9) Portugal was never very big. Spain's decline began in the 17th century, mainly caused by them losing a struggle with France under Louis XIV. Both were weakened by sticking to a very narrow version of Roman Catholicism, and not valuing education.
10) Settler colonial states include Canada, the United States, Australia, and South Africa, and settler colonial theory has been important to understanding conflicts in places like Israel, Kenya, and Argentina, and in tracing the colonial legacies of empires that engaged in the widespread foundation of settlement colonies.
11) The Cape Colony was the only settler colony of the early modern period in which the settlers not only permanently remained in the minority, but they even became increasingly outnumbered with the expansion of the colony. Europeans were only able to settle in the malaria-free uplands of southern and eastern Africa.
Answer:
Explanation:
As an organized movement, trade unionism (also called organized labor) originated in the 19th century in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States. In many countries trade unionism is synonymous with the term labor movement. Smaller associations of workers started appearing in Britain in the 18th century, but they remained sporadic and short-lived through most of the 19th century, in<u> part because of the hostility they encountered from employers and government groups</u> that resented this new form of political and economic activism. At that time unions and unionists were regularly prosecuted under various restraint-of-trade and conspiracy statutes in both Britain and the United States.
While union organizers in both countries faced similar obstacles, their approaches evolved quite differently: the British movement favored political activism, which led to the formation of the Labor Party in 1906, while <u>American unions pursued collective bargaining as a means of winning economic gains for their workers.</u>
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<u>In the United States the labor movement was also adversely affected by the movement to implement so-called right-to-work laws, which generally prohibited the union shop, a formerly common clause of labor contracts that required workers to join, or pay service fees to, a union as a condition of employment.</u> Right-to-work laws, which had been adopted in more than half of U.S. states and the territory of Guam by the early 21st century, were promoted by economic libertarians, trade associations, and corporate-funded think tanks as necessary to protect the economic liberty and freedom of association of workers. They had the practical effect of weakening collective bargaining and limiting the political activities of unions by depriving them of funds. Certain other states adopted separate legislation to limit or prohibit collective bargaining or the right to strike by public-sector unions. In Janus v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (2018), the U.S. Supreme Court held that public employees cannot be required to pay service fees to a union to support its collective-bargaining activities on their behalf.
