Answer:
When the required direction of transport is opposed to concentration levels, a cell <u>will </u> expend energy to force<u> ions</u> across its membrane.
Explanation:
If the concentration gradient is opposite to the direction of transport of minerals, then the cell will use energy to transport mineral ions from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. The most common process through which this happens is termed as the active transport.
The process of active transport is opposite to passive transport. In passive transport, molecules move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
Answer: They do affect the health of an ecosystem.
Explanation: In an ecosystem there are many things that are biotic and abiotic. For an example: water is abiotic and plants/animals are all biotic, the water is not living but it keeps the ecosystem alive by quenching the thirst of the plants growing from the ground and the animals roaming around on the land. Dead animals and plants are not abiotic and they are now providing food for fungi and bacteria. Without the abiotic factors, it would be difficult for the biotic to survive.
"An example of mutualism in the rainforest is the pollination of the Durian tree by bats."
<span> the answer is commensalism</span>
