Ribosomes are organelles that create proteins. Cells use proteins to perform important functions such as repairing cellular damage and directing chemical processes. ... Without these ribosomes, cells would not be able to produce protein and would not be able to function properly.
Answer:
Gene knockout is a technique used to determine the function of a gene that has already been sequenced, which is achieved by analyzing the phenotype of the individual carrying the knockout mutation(s). Moreover, gene sequencing is a technique used to determine the sequence of a given gene, which allows to determine how gene variants (polymorphisms) may be associated with the phenotypes of the target trait.
Explanation:
In genetics, gene knockout is a technique used to trigger mutations in a (already) sequenced gene in order to inactive its function and observe the resulting phenotype for a particular trait. This approach that starts with the inactivation of a given gene and ends with the phenotype is known as reverse-genetics. On the other hand, gene sequencing can be defined as the methodologies/techniques/tools used to determine the nucleotide base pair sequence of a particular gene. The gene knockout technique involves knowing a priori the gene sequence in order to obtain a gene knockout (gene KO). The combination of the information obtained from these techniques can be used to determine how variation (genetic variation) affects the expression of a phenotypic trait.
The sequence of impulse through the cardiac conduction system starts from SA node passes to AV node to atrioventricular bundle fibers and finally to Purkinje fibers.
Heart is an organ that receives oxygenated blood form lungs and deoxygenated blood from different parts of body. Oxygenated blood is transported to different organs and deoxygenated blood is transported to lungs for oxygenation.
Now, to perform this transportation, the auricles and ventricles of heart contract and relax. In order to contract and relax, impulse generation is required, which begins at SA node or Sinoatrial node. It is also referred to as pacemaker of the heart. SA node contracts the atria and the impulse transfers to AV node or Atrioventricular node.
This is followed by transfer of impulse to atrioventricular bundle fibers which further passes it on to Purkinje fibres for ventricular contraction. Now the blood is sent to lungs and aorta as per it's oxygen status.
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The Cross-Linkage Theory or also referred to as the glycosylation theory of aging was discovered or proposed by Johan Bjorksten in the 1940s. According to this theory, the aggregation of cross-linked proteins can damage cells and tissues this slowing down the bodily processes that eventually results to aging. In recent studies, cross-linking is associated with age-related changes in the studied proteins. Furthermore, this theory stresses out that the binding of glucose to proteins can cause various problems. Once the said binding occurs, the protein becomes impaired which leads to its performance inefficiency. Living a longer life would also mean increasing the possibility of oxygen-glucose meeting and protein. Some of the known cross-linking disorders include senile cataract and the appearance of tough, leathery, yellow skin.
He is WRONG
Explanation:
Any atom at the ground state has its orbital levels fill from the bottom (close to the nucleus) – up. The inner orbitals are of lower energy state and fill first because the atoms ‘likes’ to exist in the low energy and more stable state. Only when the atom is in an excited state do some of the electrons in the lower orbital levels shift to higher unfilled orbitals.
