After Reconstruction, discriminatory voting laws are passed that disenfranchise people based on race. The Supreme Court rules in Shelby v. Holder that criteria to determine which districts need federal oversight are no longer valid.
March 17 represented a symbolic occasion for Irish people to reflect on their sense of self and look back with nostalgia at ancient Ireland. The figure of St Patrick driving snakes out of Ireland became a metaphor for the struggle against British rule.