I think the answer is c. gerund
No personally animals should not be held in captivity, although yes some animals are safer while being held in captivity some zoos, particularly roadside attractions are extremely mismanaged and horrible for animal care. Animals suffer from neglect, small cages, etc. Animals love being in their natural habitat but many animals kept in zoos are forced to become domestic pets. Along with that up to 5000 animals are killed a year in zoos(Only in Europe).
I believe the answer is B, an extended metaphor.
It can't be A because similes are comparing two unlike things using the words "like" or "as", which will also eliminate D.
It can't be C because a personification is where an inanimate object is given human-like qualities.
Throughout the entire passage, the author compares Ben to a bear and uses words such as "growled", "barked", "lumbered" which shows how the comparison between the two is prolonging throughout the passage.
