The “powerhouses” of the cell, mitochondria are oval-shaped organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. As the site of cellular respiration, mitochondria serve to transform molecules such as glucose into an energy molecule known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
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A single change or alteration in the nucleotide base of the genetic material of the cell is called a point mutation. It can be a deletion, addition or inversion of a single nucleotide base.
In the following, the mutations that occurred are 1. C and 2. B.
<h3>How the mutation can be explained?</h3>
- <u>Silent mutation</u> occurs in a single base of the triplet codons of the bases but the alterations do not cause an observable effect and they remain as a neutral alteration. They do not affect the function of the protein. Thus, the glycine to glycine is a silent mutation.
- <u>Non-sense mutations</u> are caused when the single change in the nucleotide base results in the formation of the stop codon. Thus, lysine to stop codon is a nonsense mutation.
Therefore, silent and nonsense mutations are the correct options.
Learn more about point mutation here:
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Answer:
Cleavage, in embryology, in the first few cell divisions of the zygote. Initially, the zygote separates into the longitudinal axis. The second division is also longitudinal but at 90 degrees on the first plane. The process produces a multicellular embryo. It is an assembling process that divides the seed into developmental regions. Zygote cytoplasm includes chemicals that control gene expression.
Gastrulation is characterized as an early embryonic phase in which the embryo is converted from a one-dimensional layer of epithelial cells to a multilayer, multidimensional structure called the gastrula.
Organogenesis is a process of embryonic development that occurs at the end of gastrulation and lasts until birth. During organogenesis, the three germ layers formed by gastrulation (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) form the internal organs.
Explanation: Hope this Helps!
The muscle cells divide through Mitosis, a cellular division comprised of several other substeps.
The final step of the cell division is the cytokinesis by which two new cells are formed from cell with a multiple number of nucleus after the replication process. This steps follow the telophase.