Phylum is a principal taxonomic category that is ranked below the kingdom and above the class. If two organisms are in the same phylum, this means that they are also in the same kingdom. Each phylum is composed of one or more classes.
Hello, I figured your question was missing its options so I went online to find them. Here they are:
The process of phagocytosis involves all of the following EXCEPT
:
a. adhesion.
b. secretion of cytotoxins.
c. elimination.
d. vesicle fusion.
e. chemotaxis.
Answer:
The correct answer is: b) secretion of cytotoxins.
Explanation:
Phagocytosis is a mechanism performed by cells in which the plasma membrane engulfs a large particle. Phagocytosis is used by cells in the immune system to ingest pathogens like viruses and bacteria.
Phagocytosis consists of many steps:
- activation
- the phagocytes that were resting are activated in the inflammatory response when a pathogen enters the body.
- chemotaxis - this refers to the process in which the phagocyte moves to the pathogen by following the chemical factors released by these germs.
- adhesion - the phagocyte attaches to the pathogen.
- ingestion
/vesicle fusion - the phagocyte sends pseudopods to engulf the pathogen, and places it in a phagosome, which is an endocytic vesicle. The phagosome and the phagocyte will fuse so the pathogen gets inside.
- elimination - the pathogen is destroyed in the phagocyte by the lysosomes present in it.
<u>The</u><u> secretion of cytotoxins</u><u> is not a part of the phagocytosis, and is a process exclusive to </u><u>T cells</u><u> (leukocytes that lack the ability to phagocyte).</u>
These energy exchanges are not changes in kinetic energy. They are changes in bonding energy between the molecules. "If heat is coming into a substance during a phase change, then this energy is used to break the bonds between the molecules of the substance. The example we will use here is ice melting into water.
