Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

Fertilizer puts nitrogen into the soil, so using fertilizer puts more nitrogen into the carbon cycle.

When you use fertilizer, its because a certain plant you are planting uses all the nitrogen in the soil, so it won't grow next time. Too much fertilizer, though, would burn up your plant (not literally). Some plants put their own nitrogen into the soil. I can't think of one off the top of my head, but I believe potatoes do. Anyways, this is where crop rotation came into play.

Things like corn take a lot of nitrogen, so the next time you had to plant whatever plant potatoes, which again may be wrong, in order to get nitrogen for the corn to grow next season. Today we have fertilizer, so we can give them nitrogen while they grow, instead of putting in other plants, taking more time.

So really, it doesn't do much, because your plant takes all the nitrogen that the Fertilizer adds.

Answer 2

Answer:

People have been converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen fertilizers and then applying the fertilizers to plants in to grow more crops. This has previously been quite effective, allowing individuals to farm on previously unproductive lands, and provide adequate food for expanding populations of people. Unfortunately, fertilizers are frequently overused, which can lead to issues.

Nitrogen from fertilizers excretes into soils, typically promoting the growth of weeds rather than native vegetation. Nitrogen then washes into streams, resulting in a nutrient overload, a phenomenon known as eutrophication.

Eutrophication causes aquatic weeds to proliferate excessively in freshwater lakes. These aquatic weeds  occasionally occupy entire lakes, streams, or rivers. Green algae cloud the water, and gooey algal slime covers the shallow rocks. 

When nitrogen-rich waters flow down into the ocean, they worsen the situation. High nitrogen concentrations in the Mississippi River Delta have generated a 'dead zone' where the water flows into the Gulf of Mexico. This has occurred every summer for over 30 years. In 2001, this dead zone, where oxygen levels are too low for species to thrive, encompassed over 8000 square miles of water. It occurs when nitrogen in the water enables algae to quickly grow out of control.

Step-by-step explanation:

Great article to look at for more information -

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/27/climate/nitrogen-fertilizers-climate-change-pollution-waterways-global-warming.html