Her mother is her final opponent because her mother had so much more power over her and she wanted to break free. Also because she imagined her mother to be her final.
Grete Samsa, Gregor's sister, most definitely goes through a "metamorphosis" as does every member of the family. Before Gregor's change, Grete is described as a "useless" daughter. She has taken violin lessons, but she isn't very good. She doesn't leave the house often. She is timid and seemingly afraid of the world.
Since Demeter was the goddess of the seasons, basically, whenever Persephone was in the Underworld with Hades, it was winter. There was no autumn or fall in Ancient Greece. It was winter because Demeter was sad. Once Persephone returned, it would become summer and spring again because Demeter would rejoice.
beat journalism ( hope it helps )