Answer:
b. ecosystems in a region, species in an ecosystem, and genes and alleles in a species.
Explanation:
Biodiversity has three levels - ecosystem, species and genetic diversity. Therefore, Biodiversity can be defined as the variability among living organisms involving terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, genes and alleles in a species and their ecological complexes such as diversity within species, and between species of the ecosystems.
Briefly, one can categorize the 3 types of boundaries as so: At convergent boundaries, the two tectonic plates are coming closer to each other; at divergent boundaries they are increasing they move away from each other and at transform boundaries the plates are moving parallel to their boundary. Based on this, all boundaries will be divergent boundaries.
Answer:
The correct answer is option A. "the temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike".
Explanation:
Action potentials, also known as "spikes" or "impulses", are electric impulses that neurons use to send information from the cell's body down to the axon. The impulses are created when ions travel across the neuron's membrane creating a depolarization current. This depolarization current is responsible for an temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike. When neurons are hyperpolarized they are not able to produce another action potential. In consequence, actions potentials move in one direction along the neuron away from the cell body, as well as, adjacent locations go trough similar depolarization processes.
Answer:
Type I curve
Explanation:
The K-strategist are species characterized by relatively stable populations that fluctuate at the carrying capacity of the habitat or niche in which organisms reside. Elephants are considered as K-strategists because they have a low population growth rate and relatively stable populations. There are three different types of survivorship curves. The Type I curve (also referred to as A curve) is characteristic of k-strategist organisms. Humans and elephants exhibit a Type I survivorship curve in which organisms tend to die when they become elderly. These species have a small number of offspring and provide parental care to ensure their survival. In a Type II survivorship curve, species produce many offspring and only some offspring survive (e.g., birds), while in Type III survivorship curve organisms produce many more offspring and most do not survive (i.e., r-strategists such as frogs or insects).
