They would chose death to die with honor instead of being captured by the enemy and being forced to face capital punishment which would bring shame to themselves and their family
"<span>a. a common identity and a formal structure of authority" is the best option, since nationalism was mostly about national pride--meaning that one was tied to their countrymen through a common bond.</span>
I am not 100% sure but I think the answer is A.
The prime minister i believe