Answer:
The correct choice is ''ion electrochemical gradients''.
Diffusion of ions across membranes through specific ion channels is driven by <u>ion electrochemical gradients</u>.
Explanation:
An electrochemical gradient can be considered as that electrical (electrostatic pressure) and chemical (diffusion) force that determine the movement of molecules and ions across the membrane. This electrochemical gradient, in addition to causing movement of substances through cell membranes, is also a type of potential energy available for the performance of different cellular activities, potential energy called membrane potential.
True. laws are there because government doesn’t want something to happen, trying to predict what’ll solve it. :)
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Earth or geoscience</u></em>
" investigates the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere.</h2>
<span> The breakeven point is the point at which the total cost line intersects the total revenue line . It is </span>the number of units a company must sell to g<span>enerate a zero profit.</span>
<span>Sales below the breakeven point indicate a loss, whereas sales above the breakeven point indicate a profit.
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