<span>The Columbian Exchange and Atlantic slave trade were the two events most directly responsible for major population migrations in the 1700s.</span>
Physical damage: The Southern economy was destroyed during the Civil War. Southern railways, factories, bridges, and even farms were ruined. And the Southern economy had to be completely rebuilt.
Social damage: Freeing slaves changed Southern society greatly. Four million freedmen attempted to find their families, build communities, and get an education. However, the deeply racist culture of the South did not immediately disappear. Freeing the slaves was not going to be enough to lead to equality or to bring Southern blacks and whites together. Problems about race would exist in the South for many years.
Political damage: Although the Union had been saved, the former Confederate states had to join the United States again. This raised difficult political questions about how that would be done. Leaders argued about this for many years.
The purpose of a committee of the whole is to relax the usual limits on debate, allowing a more open exchange of views without the urgency of a final vote. Debates in a committee of the whole may be recorded but are often excluded from the assembly's minutes.
The constitution heavily helped checks and balances and separation of powers. In the Articles of Confederation, there was only one branch: the legislative, which was way too powerful and unorganized. It was only one house as well, and there was no executive or judicial branch. But it was fixed in the Constitution as an executive and judicial branch were made in addition to the legislative branch, which was also split up into two houses due to the Virginia and New Jersey Plans.
