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The Great Wall, also known as The Great Wall, is an ancient Chinese military fortification. It is a tall, strong and continuous Wall designed to limit The movement of enemy troops. The Great Wall is not a simple and isolated wall, but a defense system with the wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and symbols.
The history of the Construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty, which is the origin of the famous story "beacon fire at the emperor" in the capital of Haojing (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province). In the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the nations fought for hegemony and defended each other. The Great Wall was built in its first climax, but the length of construction was relatively short at this time. After the qin dynasty destroyed the six states and united the whole country, the First Emperor of Qin connected and repaired the Great Wall of the Warring States Period, which became known as the Great Wall. The Ming Dynasty was the last dynasty to overhaul the Great Wall, and today people see the Great Wall is mostly built at this time.
The Resources of the Great Wall are mainly distributed in hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Among them, the length of Hebei province is more than 2,000 km, and shaanxi Province is 1,838 km. According to a nationwide survey of Great Wall resources conducted by the Cultural Relics and Surveying department, the total length of the Ming Great Wall was 8,851.8 kilometers, and the length of the Qin, Han and early Great Wall exceeded 10,000 kilometers, totaling more than 21,000 kilometers. There are more than 43,000 relics of the Great Wall, including the wall, trenches, single buildings, castles and related facilities.
On March 4, 1961, the Great Wall was announced by The State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In December 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World cultural heritage. On November 26, 2020, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage released the first list of national-level important sections of the Great Wall.
"Because of the terrain, use risk stopper." Is an important experience in the construction of the Great Wall, in the time of the First Emperor of Qin had affirmed it, then Sima Qian wrote it in the Records of the Historian, after each dynasty to build the Great Wall are in accordance with this principle. All the passes are built between the two mountains and valleys, or at the turning point of the river, or at the place where the plain flows through, so as to not only control the dangerous situation, but also save manpower and materials, so as to achieve the effect of "one man is in charge of the pass, but ten thousand men do not open". Building a castle or beacon tower is also a choice in dangerous places. As for building the wall, it is to make full use of the terrain, such as juyongguan, Badaling Great Wall are built along the back of the mountains, some sections from the outside of the wall is very steep, the inside is very gentle, "easy to defend difficult to attack" effect. In Liaoning province, the Ming Dynasty liaodong town of the Great Wall is called the mountain wall, mountain wall, is the use of steep cliffs, slightly cut the cliff wall became the Great Wall. There are some places completely use cliffs, rivers and lakes as natural barriers, really is a miracle of nature. The Great Wall, as a great project, has become a precious heritage of the Chinese nation.
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