54289 = 233^2
You know the last digit of the squared number is 3 or 7, so just try numbers ending with those from 220 to 250
the correct answer is Mesozoic!

1) x=9, because we can use the Pythagorean theorem, x^2 + 144 = 225, x^2 = 81
2)
, because 6^2 +6^2 = 72, 
3)
, because 
hope this helps... load for images!
A Driver's Test, if you're referring to automobiles.
Answer:
Since the Fertile Crescent shared that same latitude with Europe and Asia, the people were able to migrate to new areas and thrive.