Answer:
Helper T cells are arguably the most important cells in adaptive immunity, as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses. They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells. As dramatically demonstrated in AIDS patients, without helper T cells we cannot defend ourselves even against many microbes that are normally harmless.
Helper T cells themselves, however, can only function when activated to become effector cells. They are activated on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, which mature during the innate immune responses triggered by an infection. The innate responses also dictate what kind of effector cell a helper T cell will develop into and thereby determine the nature of the adaptive immune response elicited.
In this final section, we discuss the multiple signals that help activate a T cell and how a helper T cell, once activated to become an effector cell, helps activate other cells. We also consider how innate immune responses determine the nature of adaptive responses by stimulating helper T cells to differentiate into either TH1 or TH2 effector cells.
Doctors might perform a hysterectomy and discover precancerous cells using the Pap smear.
A Pap test, commonly known as a Pap smear, is a treatment used to check women for cervical cancer. Cells from your cervix, which is the lower, thin end of the uterus that is at the top of the vagina, are collected for a Pap smear. You have a better chance of being cured if cervical cancer is found early thanks to a Pap smear.
To detect alterations in cervical cells as they progress to malignancy, a pap smear is performed. The greatest chance of beating cancer is to discover it as soon as possible. If you don't, early detection of cell alterations can aid in preventing cancer. Women between the ages of 21 and 65 should routinely have a Pap test.
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Answer: your weight on the moon will be approximately 0.2 times of your weight on the earth
Explanation:
The dental assistant provides the patient with instructions and tips on maintaining the new crown or bridges. Some of the instructions the patient need to follow are as follows:
The patient should avoid chewey, sticky and hard foods, right after the procedure.
Oral hygiene should be maintained, by brushing the same way but flossing should be done carefully to avoid removal of the temporary crown or bridge.
Senstivity toothpastes should be used to avoid sensitivity to cold foods.
Should use fluoride rinse or fluoride toothpaste to avoit root decay. This is essential for patients with high toothdecay rates.
Avoid chewing ice because the extreme temprature change may lead to fracture of the crowne tooth.
A bridge threader should be used to floss under the fixed bridges.
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