<h2>Fixation</h2>
Nitrogen in its gaseous form (N2) can’t be used by most living things. It has to be converted or ‘fixed’ to a more usable form through a process called fixation. There are three ways nitrogen can be fixed to be useful for living things:
<h3>Biologically: </h3>
Nitrogen gas (N2) diffuses into the soil from the atmosphere, and species of bacteria convert this nitrogen to ammonium ions (NH4+), which can be used by plants. Legumes (such as clover and lupins) are often grown by farmers because they have nodules on their roots that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
<h3>Through lightning: </h3>
Lightning converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and nitrate (NO3) that enter soil with rainfall.
<span>a.
</span>The frequency of the dominant allele: ___0.4______
<span>b.
</span>The frequency of the recessive allele: ____0.6_____
<span>c.
</span>The percentage of mice that are homozygous
dominant: __16%_______
<span>d.
</span> The
percentage of mice that are heterozygous: _48%________
<span>e.
</span>The percentage of mice that are homozygous
recessive: __36%_______
Let us assign the dominant allele (that of brown hair) letter R
while
We assign the recessive
allele (that of white hair) letter r
We then note down the
Hardy-Weinburg equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Brown fur population (p2
+ 2pq) = 64% = 0.64
White fur population (q2) = 36% = 0.36
Then we also remember that the frequencies of both allele
add up to 1 (p + q = 1);
Therefore q = ü.36
= 0.6
P = 1 – q = 1 – 0.6 = 0.4
The heterozygous population will be 2*0.6*0.4 = 0.48 = 48%
Homozygous domain population will therefore be (64% - 48%) =
16%
ATP is broken down to ADP and Pi when energy is required to carry out the metabolic process. ATP is also released during the metabolic process.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The pumping of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane creates concentration gradient where there is higher concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower.
ATP synthase behaves as a channel protein thereby helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also has the ability to act as an enzyme, forming ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
After passing through the electron transport chain, the used electrons joins with oxygen to form water. That is why oxygen is required. In the absence of oxygen, this process will not occur.
1.) atom ; tissue
2.) cell
3.) organ system
4.) true
5.) atom
6.) Particle
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