Answer:
physical process
Explanation:
Assuming that there are no latency mechanisms that prevent germination, several factors are required for the embryo contained in the seed to restart its development.
Water Absorption
Embibition: It is a special case of a <u>physical phenomenon</u> called diffusion, and as such, there is a diffusion gradient. It is characterized by an increase in volume of the substance or body that embeds and is closely related to the properties of colloidal materials. The colloidal particles in the seed form a moderately rigid miscelar network, in which electric charges of opposite signs are oriented in a defined manner. When water penetrates the seed, one fraction occupies the free spaces and another chemically joins the substances of which the seeds are composed. The volume of the seeds increases with the embibition, but the final volume of the system (seed + water) is smaller than the sum of the initial individual volumes of seeds and water; This contraction of the system is proof of the occupation of the free spaces within the seed and the absorption of water in the colloidal matrix.
The embibition rate is affected by several factors that can determine the germination response of the seeds.
Answer:
b. cis test
Explanation:
A test that is used to determine if the mutation associated with a given phenotype is due to mutations in two different genes or due to different alleles of the same gene is called a complementation test.
A complementation test is also called as a cis-trans test.
If the mutations in a complementation test are located on the same position then the genes are termed as being on the cis position otherwise on the trans-position.
A cis test, that is if the genes are located on the same position serves as a control for the complementation test.
Prions are misfolded versions of normal proteins that can cause diseases. So the correct option is D.
<h3>What leads to prion disease? </h3>
A misfolded confirmation of proteins is called Prions. These misfolded proteins can result in harmful functional proteins and cause several diseases.
A prion is the type of protein that usually cause the normal proteins in the brain to fold in an abnormal manner. This results in misfolding of proteins in the brain.
Prion diseases are known to affect both humans and animals. Sometimes, humans get prion diseases by consumption of by meat from infected animals.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is the most common prion disease in humans. The occurrence of prion diseases is rare. In the US, about 300 cases are reported every year.
Therefore the correct option is D.
Read more about prion diseases, here
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