To interpret Montressor and Fortunato's descent into the Montressor catacombs as descending into hell, the writer adopts the critical approach called Formalism (Option D).
Formalism criticism provides the reader with a method via which they can understand a text, writ, or story by the use of narrative forms that are conversational in nature. Essentially, it is a way of looking at things.
This school of thought posits that in formalism, only formal elements or traits are the only things that hold value about literature.
