It provided the philosophical underpinnings that is reflected in the Declaration of Independence.
Answer:
The king greatly encouraged Islamic learning, especially at Timbuktu, which, with its mosques, universities, and many Koranic schools, became not only the holiest city in the Sudan region of West Africa but also an internationally famous centre of culture and religious study.
Explanation:
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The correct answer is: "Rousseau"
The Enlighment movement emerged in Europe and was constituted by philosophers that promoted freedom and reason over medieval superstition and religious dogmas, and the establishment of democratic societies where the power resided on its people, and not in absolute monarchs or tyrant rulers "appointed by God". The resulting states that emerged based on the principles of this movement, enacted bills of civil rights for the first time in history, and implemented principles such as the division of powers or the social contract, through which citizens elected their governors by suffrage.
The principle of the social contract was developed by Rousseau. He promoted democratic freedoms and rights for citizens in opposition to tyrant monarchs that occupied most goverments at the time. But he did not support the predominance of reason. Instead he prefered to enhance decision making methods that included feelings and emotions, and not only scientific laws.
