<h2>Vasa recta </h2>
Explanation:
The vasa recta is a specialized capillary that branches from the efferent arteriole; The blood flow in the vasa recta runs parallel, but in the opposite direction to the flow of tubular filtrate within the nephron loop
- The vasa recta capillaries are long, hairpin-shaped blood vessels that run parallel to the loops of Henle
- The hairpin turns slow the rate of blood flow, which helps maintain the osmotic gradient required for water reabsorption
- Absorbed water is returned to the circulatory system via the vasa recta, which surrounds the tips of the loops of Henle
- Because the blood flow through these capillaries is very slow, any solutes that are reabsorbed into the bloodstream have time to diffuse back into the interstitial fluid, which maintains the solute concentration gradient in the medulla; this passive process is known as counter-current exchange
The carbon model is the flow and the movement of the carbon and its compound in the atmosphere. Climate change is the limitation of the carbon model.
<h3>What is climate change?</h3>
A climate change is a variation in the weather and the climate pattern due to a change in temperature and other atmospheric factors. It will lead to a transformation in the flow of carbon in the environment.
Increased carbon in surroundings increases temperature and results in a change in seasons and humidity levels, leading to changes in the rainfall.
Therefore, climate change is the limitation of the carbon model.
Learn more about the carbon cycle here:
brainly.com/question/21984131
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Answer:
Cyanobacteria were photosynthetic and slowly changed the earth's atmosphere from CO2 rich to O2 rich. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria evolved by 3.5 billion years ago and greatly modified earth's atmosphere.
