Frost wedging occurs because rocks becomes brittle when they freeze and water occupies more volume than ice.
Frost weathering is a collective term for several mechanical weathering processes triggered via stresses created by using the freezing of water into ice. The term serves as an umbrella term for a ramification of techniques which include frost shattering, frost wedging and cryofracturing.
Frost wedging takes place while water filling a crack freezes and expands (because it freezes, water expands 8 to 11% in volume over liquid water). The expanding ice imparts a extremely good amount of pressure against the rock (as plenty as 30,000 kilos/rectangular inch) and wedges open the crack.
Frost wedging takes place in locations which have the right temperatures to freeze water after which soften water. This normally happens in polar areas and mid latitude mountains wherein daylight can soften water throughout the day and refreeze overnight when temperatures drop.
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Answer:
Sea floor spreading theory is given Harry Hess the line of evidence that support this are given as under.
Explanation:
Evidence from Molten Matter
In the 1960s scientists found that there is a presence of new materials from below that need the lava to be uplifted and spread along the boundaries of mid-oceanic ridges i.e the lava or magma spreads through the active plate margins of both plates. The red sea is newly formed is an example of spreading, <u>(a process of oceanic basin creation)</u>.
Evidence from Magnetic strips
The magnetism of the earth helped the scientists study the process of seafloor spreading as the newly formed lava gets deposited on either side of the ridges it takes the magnetic properties of the earth. The ocean floor is divided into strips of north and south after cooling.
Active and passive plate margins.
The tri-junction of plates and newly discovered plate like that od red sea and splitting of the rift valley and transform faults. Movement of continents away from each other. Examples include Eastern pacific rise and Mid Atlantic ridge.
