Answer:
It established the federal government’s right to impose a graduated income tax. It helped create economic fairness.
Explanation:
Before the Sixteenth Amendment the law would define that direct taxes gathered should be distributed between the states, the Sixteenth Amendment changed it, the tax did not have to be apportioned anymore.
"The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration."
The graduated income tax means that wealthy people would pay more tax than the poor, this was believed to help create economic fairness. (As some people have to pay more and others less the option " It allowed for tariff reduction." is wrong.)
The Sixteenth Amendment did not enable the direct election of senators; it was the 17th Amendment that enable it.
