<span>first, we are going to define variables as the following:
a = 0
a = π/2
n = 4 rectangles
Δx = [ b - a ] / n ------>Δx = [ π/2 - 0 ] / 4 = π/8
right endpoints :
sum( seq( 4 cos(x) * π/8 , x , 0+π/8 , π/2 , π/8 ) ) = 3.163065 underestimate
left endpoints:
sum( seq( 4 cos(x) * π/8 , x , 0 , π/2-(π/8) , π/8 ) ) = 4.733861 overestimate
the reason because the actual estimate by integral as the following:
π/2
∫ 4cos(x) dx = 4
0</span>
Use the tangent-chord theorem:
The included chord-tangent angle is half the size of the intercepted arc.
The intercepted arc is "c".
The included chord-tangent-angle is the supplement of 110=70 degrees.
Therefore from the tangent-chord theorem, 70 degrees = half the size of arc "c"
=>
arc "c" = 2*intercepted angle = 2*70 degrees = 140 degrees.
Answer:
Check the explanation
Step-by-step explanation:
let the money on bet is X.
probability of winning =18/38=9/19
probability of losing =(1-9/19)=10/19
expected outcome =
probability *return =(
Expected value of return after one bet is =(9/19*x)-(10/19*x)=-1x/19
it is negative which is obvious cause casinos are there to earn money.
a) Our best strategy in this case as probability of winning is near by 50 %, we should place a bet of 1 $ each,and when we lose one bet consecutively we should bet twice the amount..
Cause two consecutive losses on black has less probability.
c) In case we have to reach 30 $ we have to use the same strategy as above.