Answer:
Glycolysis, which is the first step in all types of cellular respiration is anaerobic and does not require oxygen. If oxygen is present, the pathway will continue on to the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. However, if oxygen is not present, some organisms can undergo fermentation to continually produce ATP.
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Long bones have a tubular shaft and articular surface at each end. The major bones of the arms and the legs are all long bones.
Short bones also have a tubular shaft and articular surfaces at each end but are much smaller. The short bones include all of the metacarpals and phalanges in the hands, the metatarsals and phalanges in the feet, and the clavicle.
Flat bones are thin and have broad surfaces. The flat bones include the scapula, the ribs, and the sternum.
<span>Irregular bones are irregular in size and shape and are usually quite compact. They include the bones in the vertebral column, the carpal bones in the hands, tarsal bones in the feet, and the patella.</span>
2, plants and animals need oxygen to survive. Plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis and release the oxygen into the pond water.
Answer:
A biochip or DNA chip or DNA microarray is a slide that contains the different fragments of DNA . The DNA microarray technique is used to study the expression level of various genes simultaneously. For this the researcher:
A. Attach the fragments of DNA about 500 to 5,000 bp that are produced by the controlled growth of the nucleotides by providing the narrow beam of light and synthesised by the PCR technique on to the slide in the form of dots or spots.
B. In dots, the reporter oligos or probes are attached which are used to hybridize the cDNA to the microarray. The cDNA is labeled with the fluorescent molecules called fluorophore.
C. After hybridization, the probe-target hybridization is detected by placing the washed array in the confocal fluorescence microscope which observes the pixel and helps calculate the fluorescence intensity.
Different animals have different adaptations due to their habitat, which help them survive. For example, the camel located in deserts have 2 humps where fat is stored which can be metabolised for energy.