Reflection across the x-axis:

y = − f ( x ) y = -f(x) y=−f(x) The concept behind the reflections about the x-axis is basically the same as the reflections about the y-axis.
Start by finding the area of one of the stools with this formula:
A=(3.14)(12)(12)
Then multiply that answer by five, since there are 5 stools.
Hope this helps :) good luck
Answers to 1, 2, and 3 are in the picture
Put the "<" sign as the apples are less