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Answer 1

The scientific method includes the problem statement, previous knowledge, hypothesis and goals, methodology, results, and discusion/conclusion. The correct option is C.  form a conclusion.

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The scientific method is a research method that consists of systematic observations, measures, experimentation, analysis, and verification of a hypothesis. It is based on reproducibility and refutability.  

When conducting an experiment, you need to consider,

Definition and problem statement. The question for which there is not an answer yet. A question the investigator wants to answer.

Theoretical framework. Antecedents from other investigations. Previous knowledge about the study object is always required for a better understanding.

The main goal of the study is basically what the investigator wants to find out.

Hypothesis formulation. The researcher makes a hypothesis to predict or make a conjecture -not verified and which requires corroboration- about what is going on or expected to happen.  

Identification of the study groups, involved variables -independent, dependent, and control-.

Methodology description. Steps needed to get data.

Results. It includes data statistical analysis. This step involves testing the observations.

Discussion and Conclusion, through which the hypothesis might be rejected or accepted.

In the exposed example, the researcher has already collected field data, and made analysis.

Probably, the marine biologist noticed, while analyzing the results, that turtles lay eggs from May to October. But there might have been a biotic or abiotic factor threatening the survival of the eggs during august.  

According to the analysis the researcher concluded that the nest season involves monthes between may and october, and august turns to be the most critical month for nesting.

The correct option is C.

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