Answer:
First ever laws
Explanation:
These were some of the first ever WRITTEN laws, and most likely inspired many other civilizations to have a code of laws like this one. Crime was reduced, as some punishment for the crimes tended to be brutal, and everyone benefited as a result of Hammurabi's Code.
For Dictatorship, the second answer is incomplete, a dictator may obtain power not only through elections but by a military or institutional coup d'état, a civil war or a military intervention by a foreign power.
In a republic, power is held by those citizens that are able and government is a public matter (res publica in latin) to vote and the power comes from their vote during elections.
Judea Christianity had its beginnings
The New England colonies had a lot of rocky soil, mostly hills which made farming challenging for the new colonists and short growing season. The Appalachians stopped further expansion West.
