Supply is how much there is of a product. Demand is how much the product is wanted or needed by consumers. When supply is low, & demand for the product is high, it forces the price to go up.
It was a strategic point in the Tennessee River. The union wanted to gain control of the tributaries that flowed into the Mississippi River. Southern troops were not defending this place. It was a stronghold protecting the North.
It encouraged African-Americans to become politically active and racially conscious.