DNA is essentially a storage molecule. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of DNA made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life.
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell's DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule. (RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is chemically similar to DNA, except for three main differences described later on in this concept page.) In some cases, the newly created RNA molecule is itself a finished product, and it serves an important function within the cell. In other cases, the RNA molecule carries messages from the DNA to other parts of the cell for processing. Most often, this information is used to manufacture proteins. The specific type of RNA that carries the information stored in DNA to other areas of the cell is called messenger RNA, or mRNA.
How does transcription proceed?
Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA template strand and begins assembling a new chain of nucleotides to produce a complementary RNA strand. There are multiple types of types of RNA. In eukaryotes, there are multiple types of RNA polymerase which make the various types of RNA. In prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase makes all types of RNA. Generally speaking, polymerases are large enzymes that work together with a number of other specialized cell proteins. These cell proteins, called transcription factors, help determine which DNA sequences should be transcribed and precisely when the transcription process should occur.
Answer:
cell transport or membrane transport helps in the transport of solute molecules and ion across the plasma membrane and helps in maintaining homeostasis of these molecules in the biological system.
Explanation:
Homeostasis is very very important to maintain a steady body physiology and the maintenance of steady body physiology is highly significant because any type of disturbance in the homeostasis can leads various physiological abnormalities.
Various membrane transport process such as osmosis helps in the movement of water from high concentration region to the region of low water concentration until equilibrium is reached.Thus osmosis helps to maintain water homeostasis in our body.
By the same way glucose transporter maintain the homeostasis of glucose inside our body.
Answer:
here u go
Explanation:
<em>The modeling tool shows exactly how different body parts form. Doctors can use models, like the one in the video, along with ultrasound pictures of a developing baby, to determine whether the embryo is growing normally and is forming the proper body structures at the correct time. If not, the doctor could inform the parents of the problem before the baby is born. Doctors could then make a plan to treat the condition, if possible.</em>
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