Answer:
1. D- Within cultures that rely on milk-producing animals, individuals who tolerated lactose had a survival advantage.
2. B- Genetic drift is the random increase or decrease of certain genes in a population; natural selection is not random.
3. A- An interferon activates the body's immune system response to a virus.
4. D- Each persons immune system employs different tactics to get rid of the virus.
5. D- yes, because mutated viruses are able to infect more hosts.
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The titles on the poster that is appropriate after attending a poster session at a conference "animal adaptations in aquatic environments" is the <span>Bioluminescence in the Deep: Organisms Bring Their Own Light Show. It is because this is the title appropriate based on the scenario above.</span>
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis is to stop the cilia of epithelial cells from beating.
<em>Bordetella pertussis</em> is a pathogenic, gram-negative bacteria. It is the causative agent of highly communicable respiratory disease known as pertussis or whooping cough.
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis:
- This bacterium colonizes the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory airways of the host.
- A surface protein on the bacteria called filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin binds to sulfatides on the cilia of epithelial cells. When the bacterium is anchored, it releases tracheal cytotoxin, which prevents the cilia from beating.
- As a result, the cilia in an organism's lungs are unable to sweep out foreign material, and the body reacts by causing the host to cough. When people cough, bacteria are released into the air, where they might spread to other hosts.
- Another toxin called the pertussis toxin, often known as PTx, prevents adenylate cyclase from using ATP to convert to cyclic AMP. This results in over-conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which may interfere with cellular signaling systems. As a result, phagocytes are unable to respond to an infection effectively.
Know more about <em>Bordetella pertussis</em> here:
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Answer:
Definetly global warming, the biggest problem we have on our planet
Explanation:
