<span>Regarding integrity, “discerning what is right and what is wrong . . . captures the idea that integrity requires a degree of moral reflectiveness” (Carter).
The parentheses in this sentence is being used to cite the source of the quotation. It is important to put the parentheses around the author's last name and inside of the period it is associated with. By putting the parentheses inside the period, the sentence includes the citation and clearly shows that the citation belongs to Carter. If (Carter) was outside of the period, it would not be clear whether the citation belongs to the sentence before or after. The other options are wrong when Carter is used as the subject of the sentence.
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Do they sound right in the sentence and do they match the context
the answers to this is irony
Let’s have a salad. We’ve got tomatoes, onions, carrots, green beans, and mushrooms