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After the Civil War, 4 million former slaves were looking for social equality and economic opportunity. It wasn't clear initially whether they would enjoy full-fledged citizenship or would be subjugated by the white population.
In the 1860s, it was the Republican Party in Washington — the home of former abolitionists — that sought to grant legal rights and social equality to African-Americans in the South. The Republicans — then dubbed radical Republicans — managed to enact a series of constitutional amendments and reconstruction acts granting legal equality to former slaves — and giving them access to federal courts if their rights were violated.
The 13th Amendment, which was ratified in 1865, abolished slavery. Three years later, the 14th Amendment provided blacks with citizenship and equal protection under the law. And in 1870, the 15th Amendment gave black American males the right to vote.
Five years later, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1875, a groundbreaking federal law proposed by Republican Sen. Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, which guaranteed that everyone in the United States was "entitled to the full and equal enjoyment" of public accommodations and facilities regardless of race or skin color.
The technology that we have versus theirs
Answer:
The Englishman who named dead cork as "cells" after rooms in a Catholic monastery is called Robert Hooke.
He did this while studying dead cork and saw the surrounding walls. He remembered that cellula (rooms for monks) looked exactly like these surrounding walls of dead cork and he decided to name them similarly.
Explanation:
The 17th-century scientist and Englishman, Robert Hooke was famous for observing the natural world. As he was studying some dead cork using a microscope in 1665, he discovered their cells, which looked like the cellula of monasteries. Cells, according to biological sciences, are the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.
