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2 years ago

If f(x) = x2 - 1 and g(x) = 2x - 3, what is the domain of (fog)(x)?

Mathematics

1 answer:

ladessa [460]2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

domain will be ( -∞, ∞)

Step-by-step explanation:

The given functions are f(x) = x² - 1 and g(x) = 2x - 3

We have to find domain of (fog)(x)

We will find the function (fg)(x) first.

(fog)(x) = f[g(x)]

= (2x - 3)²

= 4x² + 9 - 12x - 1

= 4x² - 12x + 8

= 4 (x² - 3x + 2)

The given function is defined for all values of x.

Therefore, domain will be ( -∞, ∞)

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2 years ago

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Rewrite the second factor in the numerator as

$2x^2+6x+1=2(x+2)^2-2(x+2)-3$

Then in the entire integrand, set $x+2=\sqrt3\sec t$ , so that $\mathrm dx=\sqrt3\sec t\tan t\,\mathrm dt$ . The integral is then equivalent to

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$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{\sqrt{\tan^2t}}\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{|\tan t|}\,\mathrm dt$

Note that by letting $x+2=\sqrt3\sec t$ , we are enforcing an invertible substitution which would make it so that $t=\mathrm{arcsec}\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt3}$ requires $0\le t$ or $\dfrac\pi2$ . However, $\tan t$ is positive over this first interval and negative over the second, so we can't ignore the absolute value.

So let's just assume the integral is being taken over a domain on which $\tan t>0$ so that $|\tan t|=\tan t$ . This allows us to write

$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{\tan t}\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\int(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\csc t\,\mathrm dt$

We can show pretty easily that

$\displaystyle\int\csc t\,\mathrm dt=-\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
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$\displaystyle\int\sec^2t\csc t\,\mathrm dt=\sec t-\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
$\displaystyle\int\sec^3t\csc t\,\mathrm dt=\frac12\sec^2t+\ln|\tan t|+C$

which means the integral above becomes

$=3\sqrt3\sec^2t+6\sqrt3\ln|\tan t|-18\sec t+18\ln|\csc t+\cot t|-\sqrt3\ln|\csc2t+\cot2t|-6\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
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