The most suitable word for Barcelona would be "enthusiastic". The word enthusiastic comes from the word itself which is "enthusiasm" that means a feeling of energetic interest in a particular subject or activity and a desire to be involved with it. For Barcelona, when you imagine the place, you ought to be interested in what's with the place and what does the place offer.
Answer:
By defeating Constantinople
Explanation:
Before 1453, the trade route toward the European market was controlled by the Constantinople. Difference in major religion between the middle east empires and Constantinople often caused unnecessary conflicts, which is why trade never been really flourished between the two regions.
After Ottoman and Safavid defeated the Constantinople, It is much easier for traders from Middle East empires to pass through European trades route.
Norms enforce their values and beliefs onto people.