It refers to the artists of the turn of the century, that is the art made at the beginning of the 20th century. It mostly refers to modernists and symbolism who created in this period and whose art was full of things like pessimism and cynicism. Modernity in general is associated with it.
Reconciling with the south rather than punishing it
Answer/Explanation: They were able to gain independence
<span>The correct answer should be something like the Russian Monarchy or the Russian Government. They mass murders of Jews were called pogroms and were carried out by both the government and angry people who believed that Jews were responsible for the assassination of Alexander II. Alexaneder III created many anti jew laws and if they didn't convert to Eastern Orthodoxy they would have serious issues with the locals.</span>
