Tissues and organ systems.
here is the full chart:
cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
(think: group of [insert former here])
e.g. tissue=group of same cells
(et.al)
Answer:
a. substantia nigra
b. substantia nigra (it is repeated)
Explanation:
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by the death of neurons that release the neurotransmitter dopamine in the <u>substantia nigra</u>, or locus niger, -a region of the brain that regulates brain circuits that give the 'orders' to initiate voluntary movements- .
The lack of this neurotransmitter leads to the occurrence of the main symptoms suffered by patients: decreased movements, muscle stiffness, postural instability and tremor. These failures are generated by the abnormal way in which neurons work in the absence of dopamine through a mechanism that is not known in depth.
It is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer's disease, with a prevalence of 2% in people over 65 years. The characteristic symptoms of stiffness, bradykinesia and tremor are associated with losses of neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum. There are large cytoplasmic inclusions, called Lewy bodies, which are the pathological mark of the disease and appear predominantly in neurons that contain melanin of the nigra substance. Genetic studies in a subgroup of families with Parkinson's disease with autosomal dominant inheritance found a locus on chromosome 4q-21 23 and a mutation in the gene that encodes a synaptic protein, α-synuclein.
Answer:
B:17
Explanation:
The atomic number is always the Proton number.
<span>The
answer is Helium-4. These are two protons and two neutrons bound together. Alpha radiation
is the least powerful of the 3 types of radiation: the others being gamma and beta. Nonetheless,
it is the most densely ionizing. Alpha and beta radiation
release actual matter while gamma emits electromagnetic
<span>radiation</span></span>
