Answer:
The spread and influence of Islamic culture was dramatically curtailed by Abdal-Rahman's 732 C.E./A.D. defeat at the:
A) Battle of Tours
Explanation:
Umayyad Caliphate was considered one of the greatest caliphates in Islamic history. In the 7th century, they dominated the Mediterranean and took over the remain of Roman and Persian Empires. In 711, the Umayyad invaded and conquered Spain, which brought Islamic culture into the Europe.
As Islam started to spread in Europe, the de facto rule of Francia (France), Charles Martel, decided to build his own army, so he could fight this threat. The Caliph of Umayyad's at that time, Abdal-Rehman, didn't know about this.
Charles Martel caught Abdal-Rehman and his army off-guard, near the place of Tours, and charged on them, which resulted in a defeat for the Umayyad Caliphate. This battle was named as Battle of Tours.
If Abdal-Rehman would have won, the majority of the world would have been Muslim. His defeat stopped the spread of Islam in Europe
Answer:
Because communism is a specific ideology in which private property and money are abolished, and people work only for their own pleasure. This is a theoretical stage developed by marxist theories that has never been reached.
An American politician calling for more government intervention can fall under a myriad of political ideologies: from social liberalism, to social democracy, to even democratic socialism. Thus, it is not accurate to label someone like that as "communist".
To regulate commerce with foreign nations,and among the several states, and with Indian Tribes
They bought complex social and economic changes that led to riots, strikes and the emergence of the unions.
They showed no concern for their workers, keeping their wages at a minimum, and reduced them as they felt fit. Many of them suffered poor standards of living while the Robber Barons lived luxurious lives.
Because of them today money goes around the world so that people could either become rich or poor
I believe they were adapted from India.
