The inner core is made of solid iron, the outer core is very dense liquid of iron and sulfur, The lower mantle is the layer just outside the outer core, the upper mantle is made of large plates that move, the crust is the thin, rigide layer of the earth, the lithosphere is the layer that includes the asthenosphere, and the asthenosphere is the plastic portion of the upper mantle of earth. Hope this helps.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
cuz it's true also trust me I've done my research.
Gemstone :) Is a rare and attractive mineral that can be worn as jewelry
The moon has phases because of where the sun shines on it. Only yhe part wiyh light of the moon is visible. As the moon moves, the sun light hits is at different angles and creates the different shapes we call phases.
Answer/Explanation:
(1) a mutation in the coding region, resulting in an inactive protein
To check to see if there is a mutation, you could extract the DNA from the cancer cells and then perform PCR to amplify the gene of interest. You could then perform sanger sequencing and compare the sequence to the normal gene to see if a mutation is present. To test the effect of the mutation, you would want to see if an active protein has been formed.
To see if a normal sized protein has been formed, you could perform a western blot, comparing the protein band to the WT protein band. If the protein is absent or much smaller, it is likely not a functional protein.
(2) epigenetic silencing at the promoter of the gene, resulting in reduced transcription.
To check for changes in the epigenetic landscape of the promoter, you could perform chromatin immunoprecipitation by extracting the chromatin from the tumour cells and using antibodies for different chromatin marks to see what has changed between the normal cells and the tumor cells. E.g. H3K9me3, H3K27me3. You would perform a pull down with the antibody of interest and then PCR for your promoter to specifically look at changes at that gene compared to normal cells. To test DNA methylation, you could perform bisulfite sequencing.
To see how transcription is affected, you could extract RNA from the tumor and normal cells, and compare the levels of RNA between the two samples by qRT-PCR