<span>The list of Bond movies released prior to 1990 are:
1962, Dr. No, Terence Young
1963, From Russia with Love, Terence Young
1964, Goldfinger, Guy Hamilton
1965, Thunderball, Terence Young
1967, You Only Live Twice, Lewis Gilbert
1969, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Peter Hunt
1971, Diamonds Are Forever, Guy Hamilton
1973, Live and Let Die, Guy Hamilton
1974, The Man with the Golden Gun, Guy Hamilton
1977, The Spy Who Loved Me, Lewis Gilbert
1979, Moonraker, Lewis Gilbert
1981, For Your Eyes Only, John Glen
1983, Octopussy, John Glen
1983, Never Say Never Again, Irvin Kershner
1985, A View to a Kill, John Glen
1987, The Living Daylights, John Glen
1989, Licence to Kill, John Glen
The movie "Golden Eye" was released in 1995, but preproduction started in 1990, so that movie was omitted from the list of candidates. So of the 17 possible candidates there are 12 movies that were not directed by John Glen.</span>
One thing that <span> Commodore Matthew Perry's visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854 and the Open Door policy of 1900 had in common was that they were both meant to put international pressure on foreign nations--with the intent of opening up advantageous trade routes and relationships for the United States. </span>
They were hard to get to from city centers.
They had bad odors.
They were cramped and dangerous to live in.
