Sun Yat-sen's Four Point Plan was based on The Principles of the People which were Nationalism, Socialism, and Democracy.
In anthropology and archaeology, a complex society is a social formation that is described as a formative or developed state
8- The correct answer is D. In a direct rule, European officials governed colonies, while in an indirect rule, approved locals governed.
9- The correct answer is C. The Berlin Conference set new rules for the settlement and development of colonies in Africa.
After the Conference, all Africa (except Liberia) was divided among the signatory powers. However, Abyssinia (now Ethiopia), whose control had been assigned to Italy, resisted the invasion and remained independent. Liberia, on the other hand, was an old American colony that had achieved independence in 1847, and that was not subjected to new colonization.
10- The correct answer is C. As an effect of British colonial rule on education in India, new British schools mostly benefited the sons of wealthy Indian families, as they were the only who could afford them.
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The gold-salt trade in Africa made Ghana a powerful empire because they controlled the trade routes and taxed traders. Control of gold-salt trade routes helped Ghana, Mali, and Songhai to become large and powerful West African kingdoms.
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Health and Safety
Environmental laws protect the health and safety of humans and the environment. For example, the Clean Air Act limits emissions of pollutants, and the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act prohibits dumping of waste into U.S. ocean waters without a permit. (See References 1 and 4) Without such laws, businesses and individuals might do whatever was most convenient or cost-effective for them, rather than acting for the good of society and the environment.
Innovation
Stricter environmental laws tend to increase innovative environmentally friendly technology, writes Frank Wijen in "A Handbook of Globalization and Environmental Policy." (See Reference 5, Page 216) The demand for sustainable technology rises as companies and individuals must follow stricter environmental regulations, leading researchers and clean energy entrepreneurs to focus on developing such technologies. Ultimately, this increases the prominence of sustainable technologies, making them more accessible.
Costs
Businesses may see certain environmental laws in a negative light if they must adapt their practices and increase spending to comply with regulations. Individuals may feel inconvenienced by particular laws as well, such as a new law against fishing in a favorite spot. Conducting a cost-benefit analysis of environmental laws often proves challenging, as negative effects of not implementing these laws -- such as death, illness and ecosystem destruction -- cannot always be easily quantified in monetary terms. (See Reference 2) However, becoming more environmentally friendly may actually save businesses and individuals money in the long term, particularly by reducing waste and energy usage, despite the cost of the initial investment.
Oversights
Environmental laws that impose regulations without considering their impacts on local communities come with a serious disadvantage: lack of local support. For example, a law that commands people to stay out of a protected natural area, without recognizing that people rely on this ecosystem for their own daily needs, may not only constitute a human rights violation, but may actually backfire, says the Center for International Forestry Research. Community participation in ecosystem management helps to ensure compliance with regulations, reports CIFOR.
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