The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Unfortunately, you forgot to include the name of "those countries" that receive the waste from the United States. Without the names, we are limited to fully answer.
However, trying to help you we can comment on general terms based on our knowledge of this topic.
Many times the waste going to underdeveloped o poor countries instead of saying in the United States for recycling is because it is cheaper for the United States to send that waste abroad to those countries. Another reason is that environmental laws in the US are stricter than in other countries, so US industries have to invest more money to comply with United States environment regulations. So these industries prefer to pay to other recycling companies abroad.
In those other countries, legislation is not as strict as in the US or sometimes environmental legislation is non-existent. The problem is that in these countries people, civilians, suffer the consequences.
Both sentences A and B are capitalized correctly:
Only one solution is possible: We must cut our expenses.
Only one solution is possible: we must cut our expenses.
The first word of both sentences (only) must always be capitalized since it is placed at the beginning.
On the other hand, if the sentence following the colon is dependent (it is incomplete), its first word should not be capitalized. For example:
"I have to buy three things: apples, oranges and bananas."
Regarding capitalization in independent clauses following a colon (such as the one given in the example), it is subject to the citation style the writer is following (APA, MLA, etc). While some styles recommend capitalization of the first word of the sentence, some others do not.
Could you provide the sentance that the question is talking about? You could youse dictionary.com to look it up and see if any of the definitions it gives you corresponds to the way the word is used
1. Parental tone
2. “How old are you”
3. Serious and stern
The correct answer is letter b: simile. This literacy device compares two different things using the words "like" or "as". In this play the author is using a simile in the the statement "His beard was as white as snow".